ANALYZE OF WORLD EXPERIENCE THE PROBLEM OF WAR VETERANS REHABILITATION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE GENDER DIMENSION

Abstract

The leading trend in the development of modern science is to address the issues of rehabilitation of military personnel. This focus reflects the most important task set by life itself, a full-scale war between Ukraine and the russian federation. The complexity and diversity of rehabilitation forms and its types determine the breadth of approaches to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder. The work of a military belongs to professional spheres that are maximally saturated with stress factors, the action of which is characterized by a constant increase in the functional load on the individual, requiring current theoretical and practical scientific reinforcement. The purpose of the paper is a theoretical analysis of world experience in the rehabilitation of war veterans. Research methodology. The systematic, interpretative, analytical, informational, scientific, pedagogical methods and approaches are used for analyzing the modern military rehabilitation. The results. The world experience of war veterans’ rehabilitation, taking into account the gender aspect, using the examples of the armies of Poland, Israel, the USA and other countries are analyzed in the article. In the research of scientists, much attention is paid to the approach to restoring impaired or lost functions of the body through medical, physical and social rehabilitation. Israel’s experience represents one of the most successful systems of social and psychological rehabilitation of military veterans, where there is a mental health officer as a special position who constantly monitors the psychological state of military personnel along with medical workers. Each soldier of the Israeli army has a medical profile, which is an assessment of his physical and mental health. A network of social support and safety, integration of traumatized persons into community, social cohesion and restoration of the value system in a war-ravaged environment alleviate the effects of war trauma on the individual. The difference in the protective signification of help from family, friends, and colleagues for women indicates that the value of individual sources of social support depends on the individual’s posttraumatic context. Women consider family assistance more important than other sources of social support in preserving their mental health, which implies a program of social support not only for women military personnel, but also for their families. The US practice of constantly ensuring the psychological state of military personnel is checked according to the relevant protocols may be useful for Ukraine. Alternative ways of rehabilitating veterans, such as involving them in archaeological excavations or other similar practices, are also interesting experiences. Conclusions. Prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder in military personnel and their rehabilitation is necessary to correct social behavior, improve communication skills, develop abilities for self-realization and overcome long-term reactions. Specifically, a comprehensive approach to psychological prevention is more effective in stabilizing the condition of participants in military events. Studying world experience and protocols for the rehabilitation of war veterans is necessary for fur ther implementation in Ukraine.