DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN CALIFORNIA (UNITED STATES OF AMERICA)

Abstract

Introduction. The article substantiates the evolution of physical education in the USA, emphasizing its importance for the comprehensive development of youth. Particular attention is paid to the historical path of the formation of physical education, starting from the 19th century. The leading role of the state of California in the implementation of progressive approaches and standards in sports education is highlighted. The purpose of the study is to analyze key milestones in the history of the development of physical education in schools in California (United States of America). Material and methods. Analysis of literary sources, historical analysis, comparative method, documentary analysis. Results. As a result of the study of scientific literature and materials on the Internet, the history of physical education in the United States of America and California was traced. It was studied that physical education in the USA has a long history, spanning several centuries – from the sports movements initiated in the 19th century to modern educational initiatives of the 21st century. It is analyzed how physical education in California was formed and developed. Key aspects of the evolution of physical education in California are highlighted: early initiatives of informal organizations in the 19th century; institutionalization in the early 20th century; standardization in the mid-20th century; the key role of the California Interscholastic Federation (CIF); legislative consolidation of the mandatory nature of physical education in schools; development of educational standards for the content of physical education; leadership in the implementation of Title IX; developed educational management structure. Generalized structure of the California school system. Conclusions. The evolution of physical education in the United States of America is a reflection of the growing understanding of its key role in the comprehensive development of youth, starting from the emergence of sports clubs in the 19th century to the legislative consolidation of mandatory nature and the development of educational standards in the 21st century. The state of California occupies a special place in this process, demonstrating leadership positions in the field of sports education. Key aspects of the development of physical education in California are early informal initiatives, institutionalization, standardization, the activities of the California Interscholastic Federation (CIF), legislative support for mandatory education, the development of content standards, leadership in the implementation of Title IX, and a developed management structure. Thanks to these factors, California is one of the leading states in providing quality physical education, which makes its experience valuable for domestic practice.